[fusion_builder_container type=”flex” hundred_percent=”no” hundred_percent_height=”no” min_height_medium=”” min_height_small=”” min_height=”” hundred_percent_height_scroll=”no” align_content=”stretch” flex_align_items=”flex-start” flex_justify_content=”flex-start” flex_column_spacing=”” hundred_percent_height_center_content=”yes” equal_height_columns=”no” container_tag=”div” menu_anchor=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” status=”published” publish_date=”” class=”” id=”” spacing_medium=”” margin_top_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” spacing_small=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” padding_dimensions_medium=”” padding_top_medium=”” padding_right_medium=”” padding_bottom_medium=”” padding_left_medium=”” padding_dimensions_small=”” padding_top_small=”” padding_right_small=”” padding_bottom_small=”” padding_left_small=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” link_color=”” link_hover_color=”” border_sizes=”” border_sizes_top=”” border_sizes_right=”” border_sizes_bottom=”” border_sizes_left=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_vertical=”” box_shadow_horizontal=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” z_index=”” overflow=”” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” skip_lazy_load=”” background_position=”center center” background_repeat=”no-repeat” fade=”no” background_parallax=”none” enable_mobile=”no” parallax_speed=”0.3″ background_blend_mode=”none” video_mp4=”” video_webm=”” video_ogv=”” video_url=”” video_aspect_ratio=”16:9″ video_loop=”yes” video_mute=”yes” video_preview_image=”” render_logics=”” absolute=”off” absolute_devices=”small,medium,large” sticky=”off” sticky_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_background_color=”” sticky_height=”” sticky_offset=”” sticky_transition_offset=”0″ scroll_offset=”0″ animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″][fusion_builder_row][fusion_builder_column type=”1_1″ layout=”1_1″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” type_medium=”” type_small=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ dimension_spacing_medium=”” dimension_spacing_small=”” dimension_spacing=”” dimension_margin_medium=”” dimension_margin_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” padding_medium=”” padding_small=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” hover_type=”none” border_sizes=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_radius=”” box_shadow=”no” dimension_box_shadow=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” overflow=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” background_image_id=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_blend_mode=”none” render_logics=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” first=”true”][fusion_global id=”6648″]
[/fusion_builder_column][/fusion_builder_row][/fusion_builder_container][fusion_builder_container type=”flex” hundred_percent=”no” hundred_percent_height=”no” min_height_medium=”” min_height_small=”” min_height=”” hundred_percent_height_scroll=”no” align_content=”stretch” flex_align_items=”flex-start” flex_justify_content=”flex-start” flex_column_spacing=”” hundred_percent_height_center_content=”yes” equal_height_columns=”no” container_tag=”div” menu_anchor=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” status=”published” publish_date=”” class=”” id=”” spacing_medium=”” margin_top_medium=”” margin_bottom_medium=”” spacing_small=”” margin_top_small=”” margin_bottom_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” padding_dimensions_medium=”” padding_top_medium=”” padding_right_medium=”” padding_bottom_medium=”” padding_left_medium=”” padding_dimensions_small=”” padding_top_small=”” padding_right_small=”” padding_bottom_small=”” padding_left_small=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” link_color=”” link_hover_color=”” border_sizes=”” border_sizes_top=”” border_sizes_right=”” border_sizes_bottom=”” border_sizes_left=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” box_shadow=”no” box_shadow_vertical=”” box_shadow_horizontal=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” z_index=”” overflow=”” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” skip_lazy_load=”” background_position=”center center” background_repeat=”no-repeat” fade=”no” background_parallax=”none” enable_mobile=”no” parallax_speed=”0.3″ background_blend_mode=”none” video_mp4=”” video_webm=”” video_ogv=”” video_url=”” video_aspect_ratio=”16:9″ video_loop=”yes” video_mute=”yes” video_preview_image=”” render_logics=”” absolute=”off” absolute_devices=”small,medium,large” sticky=”off” sticky_devices=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_background_color=”” sticky_height=”” sticky_offset=”” sticky_transition_offset=”0″ scroll_offset=”0″ animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″][fusion_builder_row][fusion_builder_column type=”1_6″ layout=”1_6″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” type_medium=”” type_small=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ dimension_spacing_medium=”” dimension_spacing_small=”” dimension_spacing=”” dimension_margin_medium=”” dimension_margin_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” padding_medium=”” padding_small=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” hover_type=”none” border_sizes=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_radius=”” box_shadow=”no” dimension_box_shadow=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” overflow=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” background_image_id=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_blend_mode=”none” render_logics=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”false” border_position=”all” first=”true” spacing_right=””][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”2_3″ layout=”2_3″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” type_medium=”” type_small=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ dimension_spacing_medium=”” dimension_spacing_small=”” dimension_spacing=”” dimension_margin_medium=”” dimension_margin_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” padding_medium=”” padding_small=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” hover_type=”none” border_sizes=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_radius=”” box_shadow=”no” dimension_box_shadow=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” overflow=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” background_image_id=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_blend_mode=”none” render_logics=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”false” border_position=”all” first=”false” spacing_right=””][fusion_text columns=”” column_min_width=”” column_spacing=”” rule_style=”default” rule_size=”” rule_color=”” hue=”” saturation=”” lightness=”” alpha=”” content_alignment_medium=”” content_alignment_small=”” content_alignment=”justify” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” margin_top=”” margin_right=”” margin_bottom=”” margin_left=”” fusion_font_family_text_font=”” fusion_font_variant_text_font=”” font_size=”” line_height=”” letter_spacing=”” text_transform=”none” text_color=”” animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=””]

An outline

A homework assignment is a series of chores given to pupils by their professors to be done outside of class, according to Wikipedia (n.d). Common homework assignments could include a mandatory reading assignment, a writing or typing assignment, a mathematics exercise, the study of material prior to a test, or the practice of other skills.

According to Ramos (2018), homework first appeared in Venice, Italy, around 1095. A tough instructor by the name of Roberto Nevilis originally used it as a means of discipline after becoming frustrated with his pupils. Additionally, it serves to aid the pupils in understanding and mastering the material he was delivering.

According to Cooper (1989), homework has the same goals as schooling, including the development of students’ knowledge and skills, preparing them for a new lesson that is more challenging or complex, understanding how they will apply it in new circumstances, and maximizing their abilities by combining various knowledge and skills to complete a task.

Assignments are a useful way for parents to assist their children in learning, according to Needlmen (n.d). Its goal is to determine how much and what the pupils have learnt.

Epstein and Voorhis (2010) listed the reasons instructors provide homework assignments. Practice, planning, involvement, personal growth, parent-child contacts, parent-teacher communications, peer interactions, policy, public relations, and punishment are all part of it.

The researchers were aware of how homework played a significant role in instructional strategies. The knowledge and abilities of a student are meant to be developed and improved for a number of reasons. Additionally, it intends to provide parents the chance to support their kids’ academic progress.

Workload management and homework

According to Globeteacher.com (n.d.), being on time is a crucial aspect of every production. The students are under pressure to do their assignments because of point deductions, refusals to examine the homework, and other penalties for missing the deadline. Students must thus learn how to manage and arrange priorities in order to fulfill the necessary criteria. Additionally, these kids’ future jobs will need them to meet a number of deadlines, so their schoolwork will prepare them for such demands.

Additionally, homework helps students manage their time better since they learn their time constraints for completing various tasks. Students can enjoy leisure, socializing, and lazy time, but they should understand when to stop.

According to Zimmerman (1998), it’s critical for students to possess self-regulation abilities including time management, goal-setting, effort and perseverance in completing challenging activities, and self-monitoring one’s performance. It is also a crucial aspect of the life of prosperous professionals in the arts, sciences, sports, and writing. Additionally, Zimmerman (2002) emphasized the crucial role teachers play in helping young grade school students develop their self-regulation skills. However, as students mature and advance to a higher grade level, the teachers gradually lessen their support to help the students become more independent.

According to Zimmerman (1998), “students assume responsibility to self-regulate their learning in the absence of the instructor and select where, when, how, why, and what to complete with the prescribed homework.”

However, according to Oxford Learning (2016), some of the factors that can be impacted by homework include social life, academic performance, and health. Students may feel overburdened and uninspired as a result of spending too much time in class and receiving an excessive amount of tasks.

The mother of a 7-year-old girl was virtually in tears when she informed me that her daughter, who had previously loved school, now despises it, according to Schnurmacher (2012). Why? because she must do 90 minutes worth of homework every day! Her dislike of education makes sense. For goodness’ sake, the girl is seven. The youngster awakens at 7:30 in the morning. She spends the whole day at school. She is picked up by the bus at 3:45 to go home. It is almost 5:00 by the time she gets dropped off. It’s been a long enough day. She shouldn’t be required to labor for an additional 1.5 hours.

The influence of homework on students’ life was the subject of a California study, the findings of which were published in the Dell’Antonia (2014) report. The study’s researchers surveyed 4,317 pupils from ten different schools, and the findings revealed that they slept for an average of 3.1 hours per night. Additionally, they made remarks like “There’s never a break. Never.” and “It drags me away from all I used to do.”

In addition, Pope, the author of a study on the effects of homework on students’ life, was quoted by Dell’Antonia (2014) as saying that homework contributes to stress and sleep deprivation. Because they are unable to predict when a teacher would give schoolwork that may conflict with personal plans like family reunions, students feel out of control. Pope also observed that schoolwork takes up most family dinner times, which strains bonds within the family.

According to the study, time management is essential to completing all of a student’s homework since it takes up a significant portion of their time. Homework teaches kids time management skills that they will need in the future. The researchers also discovered that managing your time well is not necessarily the best strategy for getting through a big workload of assignments.

Assignments and family time

The harmful impacts of homework on a student’s life and time management were noted by Kim (2019). She said that having a lot of schoolwork would interfere with spending quality time with family. This mostly affects families who are unable to help their family member with their task. As a consequence, stress levels might rise, leading to arguments and fights that would cut into family time.

The influence of homework on students’ life was the subject of a California study, the findings of which were published in Dell’Antonia’s (2014) report. In particular, when an extracurricular activity builds up and takes up a large number of hours, the researcher, Ms. Pope, said that spending too much time on schoolwork is harmful to family connections since there is little to no time left to spend together.

Thompson (2018) also gave a hypothetical example in which a student who spends a lot of time on schoolwork could not be able to enjoy supper with her parents. It may interfere with family time and routines if this condition persists.

The researchers are aware of the detrimental effects school work has on students’ family time. Their family interactions, connection, and relationship all suffer from too much homework exposure. Due to the tension that is accumulating within the home, it might potentially make confrontations worse.

Assignments and Free Time

According to Oxford Learning (2016), homework has its own advantages for pupils, but too much exposure to it will cancel out any potential advantages. Students who spend too much time on their tasks may become unbalanced and neglect other demands, such as engaging in physical and social activities. Too many homework assignments may prevent kids from participating in extracurricular activities that are helpful for refreshing their brains and bodies. The amount of time children spend interacting with their relatives and friends may also be impacted. As a result, they could have a sense of loneliness and lack of support as a result of these drawbacks. Without a chance to unwind and socialize, tension may develop and have an adverse effect on a person’s life at home and at school.

According to Cooper (n.d.), instructors and parents are concerned that pupils may find studying for long periods of time dull. Homework would eliminate free time and other community activities, which are really advantageous for the pupils since they impart other crucial life skills. Additionally, he noted that giving out shorter but more frequent homework is preferable than giving out longer but fewer tasks.

According to Hood (2017), 16 out of 19 students agreed that assignments make them stressed out and rob them of time they could be spending on activities like sports, extracurriculars, and family time. They want to take part in these kinds of activities because they are enthusiastic about them and because they make them feel happy. Additionally, it has been shown that sports and exercise may reduce stress, whereas schoolwork increases it. If students don’t have time for these activities, their stress levels will increase, which might lead to additional issues in other areas of their life.

He said that kids today are less physically active than teens were 20 years ago, according to experts at the University of Michigan. Teenagers have less time for physical activity as a result of having a lot of schoolwork.

According to research from the U.S. National Education Association, which was cited by O’keefe (2017), students should be using the weekends to rest and relax rather than doing lots of homework. Giving assignments during the holidays is analogous to this.

Researchers have found that giving pupils too many homework assignments might make them less likely to enjoy their free time. Additionally, having too much homework may prevent students from engaging in other activities they like. The experts agree that sometimes we need downtime to “unwind” and get away from stress or to rejuvenate our minds.

Sleep and homework schedule

Kim (2019) She said that doing too much schoolwork has been linked to headaches, weight loss, sleep disorders, gastrointestinal problems, and overall stress. In reality, 8% of high school students in the US obtain the necessary 9 hours of sleep each night, according to The Journal of Adolescent Health. Additionally, they claim that 10% of high school kids sleep for fewer than five hours and 23% sleep for less than six.

Hood (2017) added that teenagers need 9 to 9 1/2 hours of sleep every night, citing Nationwide Children’s Hospital. Unfortunately, kids find it difficult to obtain the recommended amount of sleep, which may negatively impact their academic performance and cognitive capacities. This is because homework and other after-school activities take up a lot of their time.

The quantity of homework assigned to pupils, according to O’keefe (2017), has also been linked to sleep deprivation and other health issues. According to the researcher’s findings, having too many tasks leads to headaches, tiredness, and most importantly, sleep loss, the speaker claimed.

Dr. Capanari (2012) described how a sixteen-year-old patient with insomnia visited his sleep clinic a few years ago. He was a diligent student in a respectable educational system. I questioned him about his sleep issues. Every night, he claimed, he finished his schoolwork at midnight and couldn’t go to sleep until 12:10 AM. In each of his Advanced Placement courses, he was required to do 1-2 hours of homework every night, and he sometimes didn’t finish it until 11 PM or 12 AM. It’s possible that this is a fabricated story [please notice that certain specifics have been modified to preserve patient privacy]. Let’s do the math, however. In this nation, a high school student attends class for 6.5-7 hours each day on average. For high school students, most school systems begin classes between 7-8 AM. Kids leave school at 2-3 PM as a result. Many kids participate in after-school activities for a few hours before beginning their schoolwork till after supper (say 6:30 PM). For high school seniors, three hours each night of homework is the maximum suggested amount; for younger kids, ten minutes per grade is the recommended amount. The kid may receive 8 hours of sleep if they go to bed at 10 PM and get up at 6 AM, which is local high school pupils’ usual waking time. Even an adolescent with decent sleep habits, however, would often sleep less than the recommended 8.5 to 9 hours each night.

Gillen-O’Neel et al. (2012) presented the findings of their study, which indicate that regardless of how many hours a student studies, it will be useless if the student sacrifices sleep time because he or she will struggle to understand what he or she is studying and will also struggle on schoolwork the following day. Once they are in their senior year of high school, students are more likely to forgo sleep in order to study, which is a detrimental dynamic that grows more common with time.

The study found that a student’s exposure to homework prevents them from taking advantage of many possibilities and requirements. Additionally, it takes into account sleep hours. If students spend too much time on their schoolwork, they may forgo sleep altogether, which is detrimental for their health. It is detrimental to both their cognitive functioning and health.

Assignments and Family Roles

Kim (2019) pointed out that previous scholars have discussed how homework prevents kids from learning the value of non-academic personal obligations. This can make it more difficult for them to acquire and develop new abilities that will help them in the future.

The researchers are aware that having an excessive amount of schoolwork might interfere with having time to be accountable for their own housework. These situations may make it difficult for them to pick up non-academic talents. Due to their overwhelming amount of homework, they are unable to do the assignment that has been allocated to them.

Assignments and Socialization

According to Kim (2019), doing too much homework may have a subtly negative impact on depression due to the stress it places on students and potential imbalances. Additionally, a student may lose out on important experiences if they don’t have time to “unwind” and spend time with friends.

Thompson (2018) stressed that assignments deprive students of opportunity. This is due to the fact that children who have a ton of homework spend less time interacting with friends and family, despite the fact that social connection is crucial for healthy brain development. Contrarily, a student who has many chances to connect with friends and family may also pick up lessons and abilities that aren’t taught in textbooks, such as dispute resolution and impulse control. Homework exposure duration and social development are inversely correlated.

Limitations and Ideas for Distributing Homework

According to Cooper (n.d.), the National PTA and the National Education Association believe that K–2 children’ daily homework assignments are more successful if they take no longer than ten to twenty minutes. It is advised to offer tasks that need thirty to sixty minutes of daily exposure to pupils in grades three through six. Although it must vary from night to night, high school students may benefit from spending extra time on their homework. These practical suggestions are in line with earlier studies.

According to Dell’Antonia (2014), Ms. Pope, a researcher, proposes that teachers give students homework they may stretch out over a week rather than giving them a ton of tasks with deadlines tomorrow, which might significantly affect family activities.

O’keefe (2017) also said that little to no homework is given in Finnish schools, which also helps to reduce competitiveness in the classroom. The kids show cooperation by easing one another’s burdens. They experience less stress as a result, which improves their connections with others and memory.

According to Health News (2015), a 2015 research from The American Journal of Family Therapy that polled more than 1,100 parents in Rhode Island with school-age children was released. The findings indicated that homework exposure for first and second grade students is around 28 to 29 minutes each night. While homework is assigned to kindergarten children each night for 25 minutes. In contrast, they should not be given any assignments at all in accordance with the criteria established by the NEA and NPTA.

The National Education Association claims that shorter assignments—ten to twenty minutes—are more productive. The researchers agreed with the assertion made because short periods of time may help people manage their time well; the more things they can do in a single day, the more they can accomplish in a shorter period of time. The experts also agree that the amount of homework rises considerably with grade level but must vary.

[/fusion_text][/fusion_builder_column][fusion_builder_column type=”1_6″ layout=”1_6″ align_self=”auto” content_layout=”column” align_content=”flex-start” valign_content=”flex-start” content_wrap=”wrap” spacing=”” center_content=”no” link=”” target=”_self” link_description=”” min_height=”” hide_on_mobile=”small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility” sticky_display=”normal,sticky” class=”” id=”” type_medium=”” type_small=”” order_medium=”0″ order_small=”0″ dimension_spacing_medium=”” dimension_spacing_small=”” dimension_spacing=”” dimension_margin_medium=”” dimension_margin_small=”” margin_top=”” margin_bottom=”” padding_medium=”” padding_small=”” padding_top=”” padding_right=”” padding_bottom=”” padding_left=”” hover_type=”none” border_sizes=”” border_color=”” border_style=”solid” border_radius=”” box_shadow=”no” dimension_box_shadow=”” box_shadow_blur=”0″ box_shadow_spread=”0″ box_shadow_color=”” box_shadow_style=”” overflow=”” background_type=”single” gradient_start_color=”” gradient_end_color=”” gradient_start_position=”0″ gradient_end_position=”100″ gradient_type=”linear” radial_direction=”center center” linear_angle=”180″ background_color=”” background_image=”” background_image_id=”” background_position=”left top” background_repeat=”no-repeat” background_blend_mode=”none” render_logics=”” filter_type=”regular” filter_hue=”0″ filter_saturation=”100″ filter_brightness=”100″ filter_contrast=”100″ filter_invert=”0″ filter_sepia=”0″ filter_opacity=”100″ filter_blur=”0″ filter_hue_hover=”0″ filter_saturation_hover=”100″ filter_brightness_hover=”100″ filter_contrast_hover=”100″ filter_invert_hover=”0″ filter_sepia_hover=”0″ filter_opacity_hover=”100″ filter_blur_hover=”0″ animation_type=”” animation_direction=”left” animation_speed=”0.3″ animation_offset=”” last=”true” border_position=”all” first=”false” spacing_right=””][/fusion_builder_column][/fusion_builder_row][/fusion_builder_container]